- Cmdref.net - Cheat Sheet and Example. Cmdref.net is command references/cheat sheets/examples for system engineers. Top; OS; Middleware; Protocol. HP-UX Commands Cheat Sheet: How to use LVM on HP-UX: Configuration. Note Configuration Note; Hostname, IP /etc/rc.config.d/netconf.
- Hewlett-Packard Company - 2 - HP-UX 11i Version 2: August 2003 isl(1M) isl(1M) Series 800 Only CE06 autoexecute file is inconsistent. Autoboot aborted. CE07 Utility file header inconsistent: SOM values invalid. CE08 autoexecute file input string exceeds 2048 characters. Autoboot aborted.
Hpasmcli stands for HP Server Management Application and Agents Command Line Interface It comes with HP ProLiant Support Pack (PSP) and can be installed in HP ProLiant Servers to view, modify the BIOS / System settings such as hyper-threading, boot sequence control, and UID LEDs, etc. HP-UX virtual Machine Cheat Sheet; VM Server grayed out states explanation: disconne. Step by step RHEL 7 installation (from ISO) Step By Step ESXi 5.5 Install.
UNIX cheat sheet
Find/Zip/Move/Delete files older than x days
find ./ -name “*.ARC” -mtime +1 -exec ls -l {} ;
find ./ -name “*.ARC” -mtime +1 -exec ls -l {} ;
find ./ -name “*.ARC” -mtime +1 -exec rm {} ;
find ./ -name “*.ARC” -mtime +1 -exec rm {} ;
find ./ -name “*.ARC” -mtime +1 -exec gzip {} ;
find ./ -name “*.ARC” -mtime +1 -exec gzip {} ;
find ./ -name “*.arch” -mtime +1 -exec mv {} /u01/andy/;
find ./ -name “*.arch” -mtime +1 -exec mv {} /u01/andy/;
Delete the 500 oldest files
rm -f `ls -tr|head -500`
rm -f `ls -tr|head -500`
Find and grep
find ./ -grep {} ; -print 2>/dev/null
find ./ -grep {} ; -print 2>/dev/null
Or…
find ./ -exec grep -l “string” {} ;
find ./ -exec grep -l “string” {} ;
list all files opened by a process
lsof -p
lsof -p
ls -l sorted by size
ls -l |sort -k 5
ls -l |sort -k 5
du -sk *|sort -n
du -sk *|sort -n
cpio unzip syntax
cpio -idmv <
cpio -idmv <
man commands
man -k -displays the chapters containing the specified
man -shows the page
man -k -displays the chapters containing the specified
man -shows the page
pipes
mknod p
mknod p
Turn off auto indent and bracket matching in vi
:set noai nosm
:set noai nosm
Capture a control charater
ctl-v then press the control key (eg. backspace)
Configure ksh environment
To display the current settings
set -o
set -o
To set HP/UX stylee…
set -o vi
set -o vi-esccomplete
set -o vi
set -o vi-esccomplete
Show routing tables
netstat -r
netstat -r
Check all logs for ORA- errors
grep ^ORA- *log |cut -f2 -d”-“|cut -f1 -d:|awk ‘{print “ORA-” $1}’|sort -u
VM daemons
| vxconfigd | Maintains system configuration in the kernel & disk (private region). If thedaemon is stopped it does not disable any configuration state loadedinto the kernel, it only affects the ability to make configuration changes until vxconfigd is restarted.It can be in three states: |
| vxrelocd | Monitors for failure events and relocates failed subdisks |
| vxconfigbackupd | Used to backup configuration chnages, the files created can be used with vxmake to restored lost groups. |
| vxnotify | Display vertias volume manager events used with the vxconfigd daemon |
| Kernel States | The kernel can be in three states: Enabled - both private and public regions are accessible |
VM utilities
| VxVM debug | vxconfigd -k -m enable -x <debug option> -x log log to /var/vxvm/vxconfigd.log |
| vxiod | The vxiod utility starts, stops, or reports on VERITAS Volume Manager(VxVM) I/O daemons. An I/O daemon provides a process context forperforming I/O in VxVM.Manage extended disk i/o & handles dirty regions, loggingvxiod set <number> = set number of runnning viod daemon Note: when run on its own it displays # of vxiod daemons that are running. |
| vxdctl [option] | The vxdctl utility manages aspects of the state of the volume configuration daemon vxconfigd and also manages aspects of configuration for bootstrapping the rootdg disk group. mode = what mode the vxconfigd is running in Note: when is disabled or stop mode no VX commands will be able to run |
| vxinstall | Install volume manger (use /etc/vx/disk to exclude any disks or controllers) |
Disk Regions
Hp Ux Cheat Sheet Template
| Private | This is were veritas holds the meta data regarding the disk. A copy of theconfiguration database is copied to each private region within the disk group. Veritas will try and keep 5 copies of the configuration database.Normally configured as slice 3 |
| Public | This is the area that will store the users data. Normally configured as slice 4. |
Disk Layouts | |
| Sliced Disk layout | private region and public region slices are on seprate partitions (3 & 4),tis type of disk is not suitable for moving between different O/S's but are suitable for boot partitionsCan be converted to CDS |
| CDS (Cross-platform Data Sharing) | private and public regions are one slice (slice 7) , this type is suitable for moving between different O/S's but not suitable for boot parttions. |
| Simple | Private and public are the same partition but continuous (slice 3) Can be converted to CDS |
| None | None partitioning |
VxVM Configuration Database
| DB size | vxdg list <group> | grep permlen - the size of the configuration db |
| DB location | vxdisk list <disk> | grep -i configs - db location |
File Locations
| vxinstall has not be run | /etc/vx/reconfig.d/state.d/install-db |
| Host ID's | /etc/vx/volboot |
| backup config files (vxconfigbackupd) | /etc/vx/cbr/bk |
| delete or deported disk group config files | /etc/vx/dgcfg/deport |
| All commands logs | /var/adm/vx/veacmdlog |
| Licenses | /etc/vx/licenses/lic |
| Imported disk groups info | /var/vxvm/tempdb |
| vxconfigd log file | /var/vxvm/vxconfigd.log |
Backup & Restore
| Backup | /usr/lib/vxvm/bin/vxconfigbackup -l /var/vxvm/backups -l = location where to store backup |
| Restore (precommit/commit) | vxconfigrestore -p <group> # either one of the below after the precommit Note: |
<tbody></tbody>Disks
| Initialize disk | vxdisksetup -i c2t0d0 privlen=768 Note: format can be either sliced, simple, cdsdisk or none (see above - Disk Regions) |
| Uninitialize disk | vxdiskunsetup -C c2t0d0 |
| Disk Information | vxdisk -g <group> list <disk> vxdisk -s list |
| Resize a LUN | vxdisk -g <group> resize <disk> length=8G |
| Add a disk slice to volboot | vxdctl add disk <device> type=simple |
| Add a disk slice | vxdisk –f <device> type=simple |
| Add a disk | vxdiskadd c1t0d0 or c1 (all disk on controller) vxdisksetup -i <device> |
| Remove a disk totally from VM | vxdisk rm <device> |
| Remove a disk from a volume | vxdg -g <group> rmdisk <diskname> |
| Remove a disk slice from VM | vxdctl rm disk <device> |
| Clear any host ID flags | vxdisk clearimport <disk name> |
| Renaming a disk | vxedit -g <disk> rename <old disk name> <new disk name> |
| Move disk to different disk group | vxdg move <source dg> <target dg> <disk> |
| Offline a disk | vxdisk offline <dev name> Note: disk must not be in a disk group |
| Online a disk | vxdisk online <dev name> Note: disk must have a private region otherwise you need to initialise the disk |
| Hot spare | vxedit –g <group> set spare=on <disk> |
| NoHotUse | vxedit –g <group> set nohotuse=on <disk> |
| Turn off failing flag | vxedit -g <group> set failing=off <disk> |
| Encapsulate a disk | vxdisk define c0t0d0s0 type=nopriv |
| Reattach disk (SAN) | vxreattach [-br | -c] -b = Background process |
| Discover new disks | vxdisk scandisks [new | fabric ] |
| Disk Comment | vxedit -g <group> set comment='.......' <disk> |
Disk Group
| Create a disk group | vxdg init group <disk>=<device> vxdg init <group> <disk>=<device> cds=off - initialize a non-cds disk group |
| Remove a group | vxdg destroy <group> |
| Add a disk to a group | vxdg –g <group> adddisk <disk>=<device> |
| Remove a disk from a group | vxdg –g <group> rmdisk <disk> |
| Replace failed disk | vxdg -k -g <group> adddisk <disk>=<device> -k = forces vxvm to take media name of the failed disk & assign it to the new disk |
| Import a group | vxdg import <group> |
| Import group (clear any flags) | vxdg import -C <group> -C - clears any exist host flags |
| Depot a group | vxdg deport <group> vxdg -n <new-group-name> deport <old_group_name> |
| List no hot use on disk | vxdg –g <group> nohotuse <disk> |
| List spare space on disk | vxdg –g <group> spare <disk> |
| Display free space | vxdg –g <group> free |
| Backup disk group (vxvm 4.0) | vxconfigbackup |
| Restore disk group (vxvm 4.0) | vxconfigrestore [-p|-d|-c] |
| Diskgroup Version | vxdg list <group> | grep -i version |
| Upgrade disk version | vxdg upgrade <group> - upgrade to current version vxdg -T 50 init <group> <disk>=<device> - creater new group @ version 50 |
| Boot/Default DG | vxdg bootdg vxdctl defaultdg <group> - set defaultdg |
Volume
| Adding mirror to root | /etc/vx/bin/vxrootmir <alternate> create rootvol, swap vol, |
| Create a simple volume | vxassist make <volume> <size> <disk> vxassist make <volume> <size> <disk> layout=[stripe-mirror|concat-mirror|mirror-concat|mirror-stripe] stripe-mirror = layered volume |
| Mirror a simple volume | vxassist mirror <volume> >disk> vxassist -g <group> remove mirror <vol> !disk01 - remove the disk01 mirror |
| Create a stripped volume | vxassist make <volume> <size> layout=stripe vxassist-g <group> -o ordered make <vol> <size> layout=stripencol=3 <disk1> <disk2> <disk3> |
| Create mirrored volume with log | vxassist make <volume> <size> layout=mirror, log nmirror=# nlog=# |
| Create a raid volume | vxassist make <volume> <size> layout=raid5 |
| Remove a volume | vxedit –rf rm <volume> Note: you must disable the volume first |
| Initializing a volume | vxvol init state <volume> [plex]state=clean,enable,active |
| Online Relayout | vxassist -g <group> relayout <vol> layout=stripe ncol=2 # Display the relayout operation |
| Starting a volume | vxvol start <volume> |
| Start a disabled volume | vxrecover –sb <volume> -s = start volume after recovery |
| Disable a volume | vxvol -g <group> stop <volume> |
| Evacuate a volume | vxevac -g <group> <from-disk> <to-disk> |
| Maintenance mode | vxvol maint <volume> |
| Not clean | vxmend mirror clean <plex> |
| No kernel state | vxplex att <vol_name> <plex> |
| Extending a volume size | vxresize <volume> <new length> vxresize -g <group> <volume> +100m - increase the volume by 100Mb |
| Shrinking a volume size | vxresize <volume> <new length> vxresize -g <group> <volume> -100m - decrease the volume by 100Mb |
| add a DRL log to a volume | vxassist addlog <volume> |
| remove a DRL log from a volume | vxassist remove log <volume> |
| Extending log size | vxvol set loglen = 2m <volume/log> |
| Detering volume size | vxassit -g <group> maxsize layout=mirror - the maximum size you can create a mirror vxassist -g <group> maxgrow <volume> - the maximum size the volume can grow too |
| Recover a volume | Vxmend fix clean <plex> |
| Change volumes permissions | vxedit -g <group> set owner=<user> group=<group> mode=<perms> <vol> |
Plexs
| Creating a plex | vxmake plex <plex> sd =<sub disk name> |
| Remove a plex | vxplex –o rm dis <plex> vxedit -g <group> -rf rm <plex> |
| Moving a plex | vxplex mv <original plex> <new plex> |
| Copying a plex | vxplex cp <volume> <new plex> |
| Attaching a plex | vxplex att <volume> <plex> |
| Detaching a plex | vxplex det <plex> |
| Offlining a plex | vxmend off vol01-02 |
Sub-disks
| Creating sub-disk | vxmake sd <sub-disk> <disk>, offset, len |
| Removing sub-disk | vxedit rm <sub-disk> |
| Moving sub-disk | vxsd mv <old sub-disk> <new sub-disk> |
| Associating with a plex | vxmake plex <plex> sd=<sub-disk>, … i.e vxmake plex home-1 sd= disk02-01, disk02-00, disk02-02 |
| Dissociating | vxsd dis <sub-disk> |
| Splitting | vxsd –s<size> split sd<new sub><newsub2> |
| Joining | vxsd join <sub-disk1><subdisk2><new subdisk> |
| relocating a sub disk | vxassist -g <disk group> move !disk05 disk02 |
| relocating a whole disk sub disks | vxprint -g rootdg -se 'sd_orig_dmname='disk02' |
| Display all the physical disks | vxdisk list |
| Display detailed disk info | vxdisk list <disk> |
| Check for disk failures | vxstat –g <group>–ff –d |
Disk Group | |
| Display group properties | vxdg list |
| Display detailed group info | vxdg list <group> |
| vxinfo -p -g <group> | |
| Display volume info | vxprint –Aht <vol> |
| Display volume properties | vxprint –vl |
| Display unstartable volume | vxinfo -g <group> <vol> |
| Check for volume failures | vxstat –g <group>–ff -v |
Plex | |
| Display plex properties | vxprint –vp |
| Check for plex failures | vxstat –g <group>–ff -p |
| Display sub-disk properties | vxprint –st |
Veritas Tasks | |
| Display tasks | vxtask list States: |
| Iostats | vxstat -g <group> -r –d <disks> - reset all stats on disk vxstat -g <group> -i 10 -c 5 -d - display 5 sets @ 10 secs intervals |
| Tracing | vxtrace -d <filename> -o dev,disk <vol> vxtrace -f <filename> -o dev,disk <vol> | more |
Licensing
| Add | vxlicinst - versions greater than 3.5 vxlicense -c - versions below 3.5 |
| View | vxlicrep - versions greater than 3.5 vxlicense -p - versions below 3.5 |
| Paths | /etc/vx/licenses/lic - versions greater than 3.5 |
| Reload new license | vxdctl license init |
VEA
| Start/Stop | /etc/init.d/isisd [start|stop|restart] |
| Status | vxsvcctrl status -m = status |
| Daemons | /opt/VRTSob/bin/vxsvc /opt/VRTSob/bin/vxsvcctrl |
| Start VEA GUI | /opt/VRTSob/bin/vea You must have X-windows running |
Logging
Logging help in recovery and can speed it up dramatically, the mainform of logging in veritas is the DRL (dirty region log) which performsthe following
- log keeps track of changed regions
- if system fails only the changed regions of the volume are recovered
| Add | vxassist -g <group> addlog <vol> logtype=drl vxassist -g <group> addlog <vol> - used for raid logs (no type) |
| Remove | vxassist -g <group> remove log <vol> [nlog=n] <vol> |
Volume Read Policy
Policies can be used if you have slower disks within a volume and you wish to use the faster disks.
| Round Robin | vxvol -g <group> rdpol round <vol> |
| Preffered Plex | vxvol -g <group> rdpol prefer <vol> <plex> |
| Selected Plex | vxvol -g <group> rdpol select <vol> |
Storage Expert (vxse)
Veritas have created some scripots that can check the integrity ofthe vxvm setup i.e mirrored volumes, spares, etc. The scripts are basedon rules and there are a number of differents rules veritas has set,look in the rules directory to see all of them.
| Display Description | vxse_raid5log1 info |
| Check rules | vxse_raid5log1 -g <group> check |
| List spare rules | vxse_spares list |
| Run spare run | vxse_spares run Note: you need to run '/etc/init.d/isisd start' to start the necessary daemons first |
VXSE Paths | |
| Rules | /opt/VRTS/vxse/vxvm |
| Default Parameters | /etc/default/vxse |
VxDMP
see <a href='veritas_vxdmp.htm'>VxDMP</a> for more information
Veritas links
Hp Ux Glance Cheat Sheet
| Recovery features | <a href='http://prefetch.net/articles/veritasrecoveryfeatures.html'>http://prefetch.net/articles/veritasrecoveryfeatures.html</a> |
Hp Ux Cheat Sheet